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Challenges experienced in scaling-up the CSIR-Ti process

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dc.contributor.author Oosthuizen, SJ
dc.contributor.author Swanepoel, JJ
dc.contributor.author Van Vuuren, DS
dc.date.accessioned 2015-08-19T10:48:49Z
dc.date.available 2015-08-19T10:48:49Z
dc.date.issued 2014-10
dc.identifier.citation Oosthuizen, S.J, Swanepoel, J.J and Van Vuuren, D.S. 2014. Challenges experienced in scaling-up the CSIR-Ti process. In: AMI Light Metals Conference, Kwa Maritane Pilanesberg National Park, 15-17 October 2014 en_US
dc.identifier.uri http://www.scientific.net/AMR.1019.187
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10204/8055
dc.description AMI Light Metals Conference, Kwa Maritane Pilanesberg National Park, 15-17 October 2014. Due to copyright restrictions, the attached PDF file only contains the abstract of the full text item. For access to the full text item, please consult the publisher's website en_US
dc.description.abstract The CSIR-Ti process produces titanium metal powder through continuous stepwise metallothermic reduction of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl(sub4)) in molten salt medium, and represents a cost-effective alternative to the standard Kroll process to produce titanium metal. Subsequent to proving the CSIR-Ti process at bench scale producing batches of ±2 kg titanium powder, the design, build and test of a continuous 2 kg/h Ti pilot plant was authorised. The scale-up process highlighted limited expertise in South Africa with regards to handling molten salt and molten reducing metals. Scaling up the CSIR-Ti process, with requirements of continuous operation, compact size, effective agitation, pumping and maintaining salt in the molten state brought an unusual set of challenges requiring development of unique and prototype equipment. Further challenges were encountered in the handling and continuous feeding of molten reducing metal at the relatively small scale of the pilot plant. Gaps in knowledge addressed and solutions developed and discussed in this study include custom-modified agitators, custom-developed flow meters for measuring molten salt and molten metal flows, and a custom-designed molten metal feed system. Specialised materials such as, ultra-high temperature heating tape and ultra-low thermal conductivity insulation had to be imported as well as a special high-temperature pump that can pump a slurry consisting of molten salt containing a high weight percentage of suspended metal powder. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher Trans Tech Publications Inc en_US
dc.relation.ispartofseries Workflow;14643
dc.subject CSIR-Ti en_US
dc.subject Titanium metal powder en_US
dc.subject Metallothermic en_US
dc.subject Titanium tetrachloride en_US
dc.subject Molten salt en_US
dc.subject Molten reducing metals en_US
dc.title Challenges experienced in scaling-up the CSIR-Ti process en_US
dc.type Conference Presentation en_US
dc.identifier.apacitation Oosthuizen, S., Swanepoel, J., & Van Vuuren, D. (2014). Challenges experienced in scaling-up the CSIR-Ti process. Trans Tech Publications Inc. http://hdl.handle.net/10204/8055 en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitation Oosthuizen, SJ, JJ Swanepoel, and DS Van Vuuren. "Challenges experienced in scaling-up the CSIR-Ti process." (2014): http://hdl.handle.net/10204/8055 en_ZA
dc.identifier.vancouvercitation Oosthuizen S, Swanepoel J, Van Vuuren D, Challenges experienced in scaling-up the CSIR-Ti process; Trans Tech Publications Inc; 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10204/8055 . en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Conference Presentation AU - Oosthuizen, SJ AU - Swanepoel, JJ AU - Van Vuuren, DS AB - The CSIR-Ti process produces titanium metal powder through continuous stepwise metallothermic reduction of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl(sub4)) in molten salt medium, and represents a cost-effective alternative to the standard Kroll process to produce titanium metal. Subsequent to proving the CSIR-Ti process at bench scale producing batches of ±2 kg titanium powder, the design, build and test of a continuous 2 kg/h Ti pilot plant was authorised. The scale-up process highlighted limited expertise in South Africa with regards to handling molten salt and molten reducing metals. Scaling up the CSIR-Ti process, with requirements of continuous operation, compact size, effective agitation, pumping and maintaining salt in the molten state brought an unusual set of challenges requiring development of unique and prototype equipment. Further challenges were encountered in the handling and continuous feeding of molten reducing metal at the relatively small scale of the pilot plant. Gaps in knowledge addressed and solutions developed and discussed in this study include custom-modified agitators, custom-developed flow meters for measuring molten salt and molten metal flows, and a custom-designed molten metal feed system. Specialised materials such as, ultra-high temperature heating tape and ultra-low thermal conductivity insulation had to be imported as well as a special high-temperature pump that can pump a slurry consisting of molten salt containing a high weight percentage of suspended metal powder. DA - 2014-10 DB - ResearchSpace DP - CSIR KW - CSIR-Ti KW - Titanium metal powder KW - Metallothermic KW - Titanium tetrachloride KW - Molten salt KW - Molten reducing metals LK - https://researchspace.csir.co.za PY - 2014 T1 - Challenges experienced in scaling-up the CSIR-Ti process TI - Challenges experienced in scaling-up the CSIR-Ti process UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10204/8055 ER - en_ZA


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