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Effect of carbon nanospheres on algal growth: the influence of physicochemical properties and environmental chemistry

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dc.contributor.author Nyembe, DW
dc.contributor.author Musee, N
dc.contributor.author Mamba, BB
dc.contributor.author Mamba, V
dc.date.accessioned 2014-03-25T06:41:58Z
dc.date.available 2014-03-25T06:41:58Z
dc.date.issued 2013-08
dc.identifier.citation Nyembe, D.W, Musee, N, Mamba, B.B and Wepener, V. 2013. Effect of carbon nanospheres on algal growth: the influence of physicochemical properties and environmental chemistry. In: First Human Capital Development Workshop for Nanotechnologies and Nanosciences Risk Assessment, Pretoria, CSIR Knowledge Commons, 13 August 2013 en_US
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10204/7295
dc.description First Human Capital Development Workshop for Nanotechnologies and Nanosciences Risk Assessment, Pretoria, CSIR Knowledge Commons, 13 August 2013 en_US
dc.description.abstract Algae (Pseudokirchnierella subcapitata) were exposed to pristine (p-) and oxidised (o-) forms of carbon nanospheres (CNSs) at concentrations of 0.1, 0.18, 0.32, 0.46 and 20 mg/L. At each concentration, the CNSs were sonicated for 1-h in three types of water (artificial soft, moderately hard, and hard water) for 72-h at 24-h intervals: (i) in the absence (0 mg/L) of humic acid, and (ii) presence of 5 mg/L humic acid at neutral to slightly alkaline pH. The study findings suggested that, algal growth in the presence of humic acid was visible to the human eye, however, in the absence of the humid acid; the growth could only detected using a light microscope. Additionally, in the absence and presence of humic acid in all concentrations of o-CNSs algal growth was established in soft water, moderately hard water, and hard water as highest, moderate, and inhibited, correspondingly. Similar trend was observed for p-CNSs with a distinctive difference in that the growth inhibition was concentration (dose) dependent. The exposure suspensions were then monitored for CNSs’ aggregate size and surface charge changes over the same exposure period under similar environmental conditions. We observed that the p-CNSs dispersed with difficulties unlike the oxidised forms that were easily dispersed. Our findings suggested that the presence of humic acid and water hardness were factors that influenced CNSs dispersion in water. Moreover, the high surface charge (= +30 mV) was also established as an additional factor in enhancing the ease of CNSs dispersion in the aquatic environment although for the pristine form re-aggregation was observed as a function of time. In summary, we established that the algal growth inhibition and/or stimulation by CNSs is largely dependent on the presence or absence of humic acid, degree of water hardness as well as the CNSs’ concentration, and surface functionalization. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.relation.ispartofseries Workflow;12227
dc.subject Carbon nanospheres en_US
dc.subject Water hardness en_US
dc.subject Algae en_US
dc.subject Pseudokirchnierella subcapitata en_US
dc.subject Aggregate size en_US
dc.subject Surface charge en_US
dc.title Effect of carbon nanospheres on algal growth: the influence of physicochemical properties and environmental chemistry en_US
dc.type Conference Presentation en_US
dc.identifier.apacitation Nyembe, D., Musee, N., Mamba, B., & Mamba, V. (2013). Effect of carbon nanospheres on algal growth: the influence of physicochemical properties and environmental chemistry. http://hdl.handle.net/10204/7295 en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitation Nyembe, DW, N Musee, BB Mamba, and V Mamba. "Effect of carbon nanospheres on algal growth: the influence of physicochemical properties and environmental chemistry." (2013): http://hdl.handle.net/10204/7295 en_ZA
dc.identifier.vancouvercitation Nyembe D, Musee N, Mamba B, Mamba V, Effect of carbon nanospheres on algal growth: the influence of physicochemical properties and environmental chemistry; 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10204/7295 . en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Conference Presentation AU - Nyembe, DW AU - Musee, N AU - Mamba, BB AU - Mamba, V AB - Algae (Pseudokirchnierella subcapitata) were exposed to pristine (p-) and oxidised (o-) forms of carbon nanospheres (CNSs) at concentrations of 0.1, 0.18, 0.32, 0.46 and 20 mg/L. At each concentration, the CNSs were sonicated for 1-h in three types of water (artificial soft, moderately hard, and hard water) for 72-h at 24-h intervals: (i) in the absence (0 mg/L) of humic acid, and (ii) presence of 5 mg/L humic acid at neutral to slightly alkaline pH. The study findings suggested that, algal growth in the presence of humic acid was visible to the human eye, however, in the absence of the humid acid; the growth could only detected using a light microscope. Additionally, in the absence and presence of humic acid in all concentrations of o-CNSs algal growth was established in soft water, moderately hard water, and hard water as highest, moderate, and inhibited, correspondingly. Similar trend was observed for p-CNSs with a distinctive difference in that the growth inhibition was concentration (dose) dependent. The exposure suspensions were then monitored for CNSs’ aggregate size and surface charge changes over the same exposure period under similar environmental conditions. We observed that the p-CNSs dispersed with difficulties unlike the oxidised forms that were easily dispersed. Our findings suggested that the presence of humic acid and water hardness were factors that influenced CNSs dispersion in water. Moreover, the high surface charge (= +30 mV) was also established as an additional factor in enhancing the ease of CNSs dispersion in the aquatic environment although for the pristine form re-aggregation was observed as a function of time. In summary, we established that the algal growth inhibition and/or stimulation by CNSs is largely dependent on the presence or absence of humic acid, degree of water hardness as well as the CNSs’ concentration, and surface functionalization. DA - 2013-08 DB - ResearchSpace DP - CSIR KW - Carbon nanospheres KW - Water hardness KW - Algae KW - Pseudokirchnierella subcapitata KW - Aggregate size KW - Surface charge LK - https://researchspace.csir.co.za PY - 2013 T1 - Effect of carbon nanospheres on algal growth: the influence of physicochemical properties and environmental chemistry TI - Effect of carbon nanospheres on algal growth: the influence of physicochemical properties and environmental chemistry UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10204/7295 ER - en_ZA


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