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Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from industry contaminated soil using indigenous bacillus spp.

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dc.contributor.author Mandree, Prisha
dc.contributor.author Masika, Wendy S
dc.contributor.author Naicker, Justin
dc.contributor.author Moonsamy, Ghaneshree
dc.contributor.author Ramchuran, Santosh O
dc.contributor.author Lalloo, Rajesh
dc.date.accessioned 2022-01-10T09:31:33Z
dc.date.available 2022-01-10T09:31:33Z
dc.date.issued 2021-09
dc.identifier.citation Mandree, P., Masika, W.S., Naicker, J., Moonsamy, G., Ramchuran, S.O. & Lalloo, R. 2021. Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from industry contaminated soil using indigenous bacillus spp. <i>Processes, 9(9).</i> http://hdl.handle.net/10204/12211 en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn 2227-9717
dc.identifier.uri https://doi.org/10.3390/pr9091606
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10204/12211
dc.description.abstract Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are reportedly toxic, ubiquitous and organic compounds that can persist in the environment and are released largely due to the incomplete combustion of fossil fuel. There is a range of microorganisms that are capable of degrading low molecular weight PAHs, such as naphthalene; however, fewer were reported to degrade higher molecular weight PAHs. Bacillus spp. has shown to be effective in neutralizing polluted streams containing hydrocarbons. Following the growing regulatory requirement to meet the PAH specification upon disposal of contaminated soil, the following study aimed to identify potential Bacillus strains that could effectively remediate low and high molecular weight PAHs from the soil. Six potential hydrocarbon-degrading strains were formulated into two prototypes and tested for the ability to remove PAHs from industry-contaminated soil. Following the dosing of each respective soil system with prototypes 1 and 2, the samples were analyzed for PAH concentration over 11 weeks against an un-augmented control system. After 11 weeks, the control system indicated the presence of naphthalene (3.11 µg·kg-1), phenanthrene (24.47 µg·kg-1), fluoranthene (17.80 µg·kg-1) and pyrene (28.92 µg·kg-1), which illustrated the recalcitrant nature of aromatic hydrocarbons. The soil system dosed with prototype 2 was capable of completely degrading (100%) naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene over the experimental period. However, the accumulation of PAHs, namely phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene, were observed using prototype 1. The results showed that prototype 2, consisting of a combination of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis strains, was more effective in the biodegradation of PAHs and intermediate products. Furthermore, the bio-augmented system dosed with prototype 2 showed an improvement in the overall degradation (10–50%) of PAHs, naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene, over the un-augmented control system. The following study demonstrates the potential of using Bacillus spp. in a bioremediation solution for sites contaminated with PAHs and informs the use of biological additives for large-scale environmental remediation. en_US
dc.format Fulltext en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.relation.uri https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9717/9/9/1606 en_US
dc.source Processes, 9(9) en_US
dc.subject Bacillus en_US
dc.subject Bioremediation en_US
dc.subject Hydrocarbon pollution en_US
dc.subject Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons en_US
dc.subject PAH en_US
dc.subject Biological removal en_US
dc.title Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from industry contaminated soil using indigenous bacillus spp. en_US
dc.type Article en_US
dc.description.pages 15 en_US
dc.description.note Copyright: © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). en_US
dc.description.cluster Chemicals en_US
dc.description.impactarea BT: Processing en_US
dc.identifier.apacitation Mandree, P., Masika, W. S., Naicker, J., Moonsamy, G., Ramchuran, S. O., & Lalloo, R. (2021). Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from industry contaminated soil using indigenous bacillus spp. <i>Processes, 9(9)</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/10204/12211 en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitation Mandree, Prisha, Wendy S Masika, Justin Naicker, Ghaneshree Moonsamy, Santosh O Ramchuran, and Rajesh Lalloo "Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from industry contaminated soil using indigenous bacillus spp." <i>Processes, 9(9)</i> (2021) http://hdl.handle.net/10204/12211 en_ZA
dc.identifier.vancouvercitation Mandree P, Masika WS, Naicker J, Moonsamy G, Ramchuran SO, Lalloo R. Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from industry contaminated soil using indigenous bacillus spp. Processes, 9(9). 2021; http://hdl.handle.net/10204/12211. en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Article AU - Mandree, Prisha AU - Masika, Wendy S AU - Naicker, Justin AU - Moonsamy, Ghaneshree AU - Ramchuran, Santosh O AU - Lalloo, Rajesh AB - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are reportedly toxic, ubiquitous and organic compounds that can persist in the environment and are released largely due to the incomplete combustion of fossil fuel. There is a range of microorganisms that are capable of degrading low molecular weight PAHs, such as naphthalene; however, fewer were reported to degrade higher molecular weight PAHs. Bacillus spp. has shown to be effective in neutralizing polluted streams containing hydrocarbons. Following the growing regulatory requirement to meet the PAH specification upon disposal of contaminated soil, the following study aimed to identify potential Bacillus strains that could effectively remediate low and high molecular weight PAHs from the soil. Six potential hydrocarbon-degrading strains were formulated into two prototypes and tested for the ability to remove PAHs from industry-contaminated soil. Following the dosing of each respective soil system with prototypes 1 and 2, the samples were analyzed for PAH concentration over 11 weeks against an un-augmented control system. After 11 weeks, the control system indicated the presence of naphthalene (3.11 µg·kg-1), phenanthrene (24.47 µg·kg-1), fluoranthene (17.80 µg·kg-1) and pyrene (28.92 µg·kg-1), which illustrated the recalcitrant nature of aromatic hydrocarbons. The soil system dosed with prototype 2 was capable of completely degrading (100%) naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene over the experimental period. However, the accumulation of PAHs, namely phenanthrene, fluoranthene and pyrene, were observed using prototype 1. The results showed that prototype 2, consisting of a combination of Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis strains, was more effective in the biodegradation of PAHs and intermediate products. Furthermore, the bio-augmented system dosed with prototype 2 showed an improvement in the overall degradation (10–50%) of PAHs, naphthalene, phenanthrene and pyrene, over the un-augmented control system. The following study demonstrates the potential of using Bacillus spp. in a bioremediation solution for sites contaminated with PAHs and informs the use of biological additives for large-scale environmental remediation. DA - 2021-09 DB - ResearchSpace DP - CSIR J1 - Processes, 9(9) KW - Bacillus KW - Bioremediation KW - Hydrocarbon pollution KW - Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons KW - PAH KW - Biological removal LK - https://researchspace.csir.co.za PY - 2021 SM - 2227-9717 T1 - Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from industry contaminated soil using indigenous bacillus spp TI - Bioremediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from industry contaminated soil using indigenous bacillus spp UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10204/12211 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.worklist 25258 en_US


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