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Smart microgrid energy market: Evaluating distributed ledger technologies for remote and constrained microgrid deployments

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dc.contributor.author Ledwaba, Lehlogonolo PI
dc.contributor.author Hancke, GP
dc.contributor.author Isaac, Sherrin J
dc.contributor.author Venter, HS
dc.date.accessioned 2021-07-22T16:29:27Z
dc.date.available 2021-07-22T16:29:27Z
dc.date.issued 2021-03
dc.identifier.citation Ledwaba, L.P., Hancke, G., Isaac, S.J. & Venter, H. 2021. Smart microgrid energy market: Evaluating distributed ledger technologies for remote and constrained microgrid deployments. <i>Electronics, 10(6).</i> http://hdl.handle.net/10204/12065 en_ZA
dc.identifier.issn 2079-9292
dc.identifier.uri https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10060714
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10204/12065
dc.description.abstract The increasing strain on ageing generation infrastructure has seen more frequent instances of scheduled and unscheduled blackouts, rising reliability on fossil fuel based energy alternatives and a slow down in efforts towards achieving universal access to electrical energy in South Africa. To try and relieve the burden on the National Grid and still progress electrification activities, the smart microgrid model and secure energy trade paradigm is considered— enabled by the Industrial IoT (IIoT) and distributed ledger technologies (DLTs). Given the high availability requirements of microgrid operations, the limited resources available on IIoT devices and the high processing and energy requirements of DLT operations, this work aims to determine the effect of native DLT algorithms when implemented on IIoT edge device so to assess the suitability of DLTs as a mechanism to establish a secure, energy trading market for the Internet of Energy. Metrics such as the node transaction time, operating temperature, power consumption, processor and memory usage are considered towards determining possible interferences on the edge node operation. In addition, the cost and time required for mining operations associated with the DLT-enabled node are determined in an effort to predict the cost to end users- in terms of fees payable and mobile data costs- as well as predicting the microgrid’s growth and potential blockchain network slowdown. en_US
dc.format Fulltext en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.relation.uri https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/10/6/714 en_US
dc.source Electronics, 10(6) en_US
dc.subject Blockchain en_US
dc.subject Distributed ledger technology en_US
dc.subject Industry 4.0 en_US
dc.subject Industrial Internet of Things en_US
dc.subject Performance testing en_US
dc.subject Raspberry Pi en_US
dc.subject Smart microgrid en_US
dc.subject Smart Contracts en_US
dc.title Smart microgrid energy market: Evaluating distributed ledger technologies for remote and constrained microgrid deployments en_US
dc.type Article en_US
dc.description.pages 9 en_US
dc.description.note This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited en_US
dc.description.cluster Next Generation Enterprises & Institutions en_US
dc.description.impactarea Advanced Internet of Things en_US
dc.identifier.apacitation Ledwaba, L. P., Hancke, G., Isaac, S. J., & Venter, H. (2021). Smart microgrid energy market: Evaluating distributed ledger technologies for remote and constrained microgrid deployments. <i>Electronics, 10(6)</i>, http://hdl.handle.net/10204/12065 en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitation Ledwaba, Lehlogonolo PI, GP Hancke, Sherrin J Isaac, and HS Venter "Smart microgrid energy market: Evaluating distributed ledger technologies for remote and constrained microgrid deployments." <i>Electronics, 10(6)</i> (2021) http://hdl.handle.net/10204/12065 en_ZA
dc.identifier.vancouvercitation Ledwaba LP, Hancke G, Isaac SJ, Venter H. Smart microgrid energy market: Evaluating distributed ledger technologies for remote and constrained microgrid deployments. Electronics, 10(6). 2021; http://hdl.handle.net/10204/12065. en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Article AU - Ledwaba, Lehlogonolo PI AU - Hancke, GP AU - Isaac, Sherrin J AU - Venter, HS AB - The increasing strain on ageing generation infrastructure has seen more frequent instances of scheduled and unscheduled blackouts, rising reliability on fossil fuel based energy alternatives and a slow down in efforts towards achieving universal access to electrical energy in South Africa. To try and relieve the burden on the National Grid and still progress electrification activities, the smart microgrid model and secure energy trade paradigm is considered— enabled by the Industrial IoT (IIoT) and distributed ledger technologies (DLTs). Given the high availability requirements of microgrid operations, the limited resources available on IIoT devices and the high processing and energy requirements of DLT operations, this work aims to determine the effect of native DLT algorithms when implemented on IIoT edge device so to assess the suitability of DLTs as a mechanism to establish a secure, energy trading market for the Internet of Energy. Metrics such as the node transaction time, operating temperature, power consumption, processor and memory usage are considered towards determining possible interferences on the edge node operation. In addition, the cost and time required for mining operations associated with the DLT-enabled node are determined in an effort to predict the cost to end users- in terms of fees payable and mobile data costs- as well as predicting the microgrid’s growth and potential blockchain network slowdown. DA - 2021-03 DB - ResearchSpace DP - CSIR J1 - Electronics, 10(6) KW - Blockchain KW - Distributed ledger technology KW - Industry 4.0 KW - Industrial Internet of Things KW - Performance testing KW - Raspberry Pi KW - Smart microgrid KW - Smart Contracts LK - https://researchspace.csir.co.za PY - 2021 SM - 2079-9292 T1 - Smart microgrid energy market: Evaluating distributed ledger technologies for remote and constrained microgrid deployments TI - Smart microgrid energy market: Evaluating distributed ledger technologies for remote and constrained microgrid deployments UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10204/12065 ER - en_ZA
dc.identifier.worklist 23012 en_US


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