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Thermal Stability, Pyrolysis Behavior, and Fire-Retardant Performance of Melamine Cyanurate@Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) Hybrid Nanosheet-Containing Polyamide 6 Composites

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dc.contributor.author Malkappa, Kuruma
dc.contributor.author Ray, Suprakas S
dc.date.accessioned 2019-07-25T09:56:21Z
dc.date.available 2019-07-25T09:56:21Z
dc.date.issued 2019-06
dc.identifier.citation Malkappa, K. and Ray, S.S. 2019. Thermal Stability, Pyrolysis Behavior, and Fire-Retardant Performance of Melamine Cyanurate@Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) Hybrid Nanosheet-Containing Polyamide 6 Composites. ACS Omega, v4, pp 9614-9628 en_US
dc.identifier.issn 2470-1343
dc.identifier.uri https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsomega.9b00346
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10204/11047
dc.description Copyright: 2019 ACS. This is the full text version of the article. This is an open access article published under an ACS AuthorChoice License, which permits copying and redistribution of the article or any adaptations for non-commercial purposes. en_US
dc.description.abstract A novel halogen-free highly cross-linked supramolecular poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) (PZS)-functionalized melamine cyanurate (MCA) (MCA@PZS) hybrid nanosheet fire-retardant (FR) was synthesized and thoroughly characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. The polyamide 6 (PA6) composites comprising MCA, PZS, and the MCA@PZS hybrids were prepared via the meltblending technique. The thermogravimetric analysis combined with FTIR and mass spectroscopy revealed that during thermal degradation, the PA6/MCA@PZS composites released less toxic gases and small organic volatile compounds than the neat PA6 and composites containing MCA or PZS solely. Moreover, compared to neat PA6, the PA6 composite with a 5 wt % MCA@PZS hybrid exhibited enhanced fire retardation properties, with a 29.4 and 32.1% decrease in the peak heat and total heat release rates, respectively. Besides, the PA6 composites with MCA@PZS-5% content achieved a V-0 rating in the UL-94 test. Finally, based on the obtained results from gaseous and condensed phases, the possible mechanism responsible for improved FR properties of the PA6/MCA@PZS composites was proposed. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher ACS en_US
dc.relation.ispartofseries Worklist;22538
dc.subject Hybrid nanosheet fire-retardant en_US
dc.subject Fourier-transform infrared en_US
dc.subject X-ray diffraction en_US
dc.subject X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy en_US
dc.title Thermal Stability, Pyrolysis Behavior, and Fire-Retardant Performance of Melamine Cyanurate@Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) Hybrid Nanosheet-Containing Polyamide 6 Composites en_US
dc.type Article en_US
dc.identifier.apacitation Malkappa, K., & Ray, S. S. (2019). Thermal Stability, Pyrolysis Behavior, and Fire-Retardant Performance of Melamine Cyanurate@Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) Hybrid Nanosheet-Containing Polyamide 6 Composites. http://hdl.handle.net/10204/11047 en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitation Malkappa, Kuruma, and Suprakas S Ray "Thermal Stability, Pyrolysis Behavior, and Fire-Retardant Performance of Melamine Cyanurate@Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) Hybrid Nanosheet-Containing Polyamide 6 Composites." (2019) http://hdl.handle.net/10204/11047 en_ZA
dc.identifier.vancouvercitation Malkappa K, Ray SS. Thermal Stability, Pyrolysis Behavior, and Fire-Retardant Performance of Melamine Cyanurate@Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) Hybrid Nanosheet-Containing Polyamide 6 Composites. 2019; http://hdl.handle.net/10204/11047. en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Article AU - Malkappa, Kuruma AU - Ray, Suprakas S AB - A novel halogen-free highly cross-linked supramolecular poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co-4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) (PZS)-functionalized melamine cyanurate (MCA) (MCA@PZS) hybrid nanosheet fire-retardant (FR) was synthesized and thoroughly characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses. The polyamide 6 (PA6) composites comprising MCA, PZS, and the MCA@PZS hybrids were prepared via the meltblending technique. The thermogravimetric analysis combined with FTIR and mass spectroscopy revealed that during thermal degradation, the PA6/MCA@PZS composites released less toxic gases and small organic volatile compounds than the neat PA6 and composites containing MCA or PZS solely. Moreover, compared to neat PA6, the PA6 composite with a 5 wt % MCA@PZS hybrid exhibited enhanced fire retardation properties, with a 29.4 and 32.1% decrease in the peak heat and total heat release rates, respectively. Besides, the PA6 composites with MCA@PZS-5% content achieved a V-0 rating in the UL-94 test. Finally, based on the obtained results from gaseous and condensed phases, the possible mechanism responsible for improved FR properties of the PA6/MCA@PZS composites was proposed. DA - 2019-06 DB - ResearchSpace DP - CSIR KW - Hybrid nanosheet fire-retardant KW - Fourier-transform infrared KW - X-ray diffraction KW - X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy LK - https://researchspace.csir.co.za PY - 2019 SM - 2470-1343 T1 - Thermal Stability, Pyrolysis Behavior, and Fire-Retardant Performance of Melamine Cyanurate@Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) Hybrid Nanosheet-Containing Polyamide 6 Composites TI - Thermal Stability, Pyrolysis Behavior, and Fire-Retardant Performance of Melamine Cyanurate@Poly(cyclotriphosphazene-co4,4'-sulfonyl diphenol) Hybrid Nanosheet-Containing Polyamide 6 Composites UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10204/11047 ER - en_ZA


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