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Anti-aging potential of extracts from Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst and its chemical profiling by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS

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dc.contributor.author Shoko, T
dc.contributor.author Maharaj, VJ
dc.contributor.author Naidoo, Dashnie
dc.contributor.author Tselanyane, Malefa L
dc.contributor.author Nthambeleni, Rudzani
dc.contributor.author Khorombi, Eric
dc.contributor.author Apostolides, Z
dc.date.accessioned 2018-11-06T10:24:15Z
dc.date.available 2018-11-06T10:24:15Z
dc.date.issued 2018-02
dc.identifier.citation Shoko, T. et al. 2018. Anti-aging potential of extracts from Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst and its chemical profiling by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, vol. 18: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-018-2112-1 en_US
dc.identifier.issn 1472-6882
dc.identifier.uri DOI 10.1186/s12906-018-2112-1
dc.identifier.uri https://bmccomplementalternmed.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12906-018-2112-1
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10204/10513
dc.description © The Author(s). 2018 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License en_US
dc.description.abstract BACKGROUND: Degradation of components of the extracellular matrix such as elastin and collagen by elastase and collagenase accelerates skin aging. Phytochemicals that inhibit the activity of these enzymes can be developed as anti-aging ingredients. In this study, an investigation of the anti-aging properties of Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst (Marula) extracts was conducted in vitro with the aim of developing chemically characterized anti-aging ingredients. METHODS: Marula stems, leaves and fruits were extracted using methanol:dichloromethane (DCM) (1:1). The stems were later extracted using acetone, ethanol, methanol:DCM (1:1) and sequentially using hexane, DCM, ethyl acetate and methanol. The stem ethanol extract was defatted and concentrated. Elastase and collagenase inhibition activities of these extracts and Marula oil were determined using spectrophotometric methods. The chemical profile of the ethanolic stem extract was developed using Ultra-performance-liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) with MassLynx software. Pure standards were used to confirm the identity of major compounds and were screened for anti-elastase and anti-collagenase activity. RESULTS: Marula stems extracts were the most active as they exhibited anti-elastase activity comparable to that of elafin (>88%) and anti-collagenase activity as potent as EDTA (>76%). The leaf extract had moderate anti-elastase activity (54%) but was inactive agains collagenase. Marula fruits and oil exhibited limited activity in both assays. The ethanolic extract of Marula stems was the most suitable based on its acceptability to the cosmetic industry and its anti-collagenase activity (99%). Defatting and concentration improved its antiaging activity and lowered the colour intensity. Six compounds have been tentatively identified in the chemical profile of the ethanolic extract of Marula stems of which four; quinic acid, catechin, epigallocatechin gallate and epicatechin gallate have been confirmed using pure standards. Epigallocatechin gallate and epicatechin gallate were as potent (p <0.05) as EDTA at 5 µg/ml in the anti-collagenase assay. CONCLUSIONS: The ethanolic extract of Marula stems can be developed into an anti-aging ingredient as it exhibited very good in vitro anti-aging activity and its chemical profile has been developed. Epicatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate contribute to the anti-aging activity of Marula stem ethanol extract. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher BioMed Central en_US
dc.relation.ispartofseries Worklist;21535
dc.subject Anti-aging en_US
dc.subject Anti-collagenase en_US
dc.subject Anti-elastase en_US
dc.subject Chemical profile en_US
dc.subject Marula en_US
dc.subject Sclerocarya birrea en_US
dc.title Anti-aging potential of extracts from Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst and its chemical profiling by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS en_US
dc.type Article en_US
dc.identifier.apacitation Shoko, T., Maharaj, V., Naidoo, D., Tselanyane, M. L., Nthambeleni, R., Khorombi, E., & Apostolides, Z. (2018). Anti-aging potential of extracts from Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst and its chemical profiling by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. http://hdl.handle.net/10204/10513 en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitation Shoko, T, VJ Maharaj, Dashnie Naidoo, Malefa L Tselanyane, Rudzani Nthambeleni, Eric Khorombi, and Z Apostolides "Anti-aging potential of extracts from Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst and its chemical profiling by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS." (2018) http://hdl.handle.net/10204/10513 en_ZA
dc.identifier.vancouvercitation Shoko T, Maharaj V, Naidoo D, Tselanyane ML, Nthambeleni R, Khorombi E, et al. Anti-aging potential of extracts from Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst and its chemical profiling by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS. 2018; http://hdl.handle.net/10204/10513. en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Article AU - Shoko, T AU - Maharaj, VJ AU - Naidoo, Dashnie AU - Tselanyane, Malefa L AU - Nthambeleni, Rudzani AU - Khorombi, Eric AU - Apostolides, Z AB - BACKGROUND: Degradation of components of the extracellular matrix such as elastin and collagen by elastase and collagenase accelerates skin aging. Phytochemicals that inhibit the activity of these enzymes can be developed as anti-aging ingredients. In this study, an investigation of the anti-aging properties of Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst (Marula) extracts was conducted in vitro with the aim of developing chemically characterized anti-aging ingredients. METHODS: Marula stems, leaves and fruits were extracted using methanol:dichloromethane (DCM) (1:1). The stems were later extracted using acetone, ethanol, methanol:DCM (1:1) and sequentially using hexane, DCM, ethyl acetate and methanol. The stem ethanol extract was defatted and concentrated. Elastase and collagenase inhibition activities of these extracts and Marula oil were determined using spectrophotometric methods. The chemical profile of the ethanolic stem extract was developed using Ultra-performance-liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) with MassLynx software. Pure standards were used to confirm the identity of major compounds and were screened for anti-elastase and anti-collagenase activity. RESULTS: Marula stems extracts were the most active as they exhibited anti-elastase activity comparable to that of elafin (>88%) and anti-collagenase activity as potent as EDTA (>76%). The leaf extract had moderate anti-elastase activity (54%) but was inactive agains collagenase. Marula fruits and oil exhibited limited activity in both assays. The ethanolic extract of Marula stems was the most suitable based on its acceptability to the cosmetic industry and its anti-collagenase activity (99%). Defatting and concentration improved its antiaging activity and lowered the colour intensity. Six compounds have been tentatively identified in the chemical profile of the ethanolic extract of Marula stems of which four; quinic acid, catechin, epigallocatechin gallate and epicatechin gallate have been confirmed using pure standards. Epigallocatechin gallate and epicatechin gallate were as potent (p <0.05) as EDTA at 5 µg/ml in the anti-collagenase assay. CONCLUSIONS: The ethanolic extract of Marula stems can be developed into an anti-aging ingredient as it exhibited very good in vitro anti-aging activity and its chemical profile has been developed. Epicatechin gallate and epigallocatechin gallate contribute to the anti-aging activity of Marula stem ethanol extract. DA - 2018-02 DB - ResearchSpace DP - CSIR KW - Anti-aging KW - Anti-collagenase KW - Anti-elastase KW - Chemical profile KW - Marula KW - Sclerocarya birrea LK - https://researchspace.csir.co.za PY - 2018 SM - 1472-6882 T1 - Anti-aging potential of extracts from Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst and its chemical profiling by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS TI - Anti-aging potential of extracts from Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst and its chemical profiling by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10204/10513 ER - en_ZA


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