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Using ICP and micro-PIXE to investigate possible differences in the mineral composition of genetically modified versus wild-type sorghum grain

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dc.contributor.author Ndimba, R
dc.contributor.author Cloete, K
dc.contributor.author Mehlo, Luke
dc.contributor.author Kossmann, J
dc.contributor.author Mtshali, C
dc.contributor.author Pineda-Vargas, C
dc.date.accessioned 2018-07-09T08:23:50Z
dc.date.available 2018-07-09T08:23:50Z
dc.date.issued 2017-08
dc.identifier.citation Ndimba, R. et al. 2017. Using ICP and micro-PIXE to investigate possible differences in the mineral composition of genetically modified versus wild-type sorghum grain. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, vol. 404: 121-124 en_US
dc.identifier.issn 0168-583X
dc.identifier.uri https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0168583X17302227
dc.identifier.uri doi.org/10.1016/j.nimb.2017.03.004
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/10204/10290
dc.description Copyright: 2017 Elsevier. Due to copyright restrictions, the attached PDF file only contains the abstract of the full text item. For access to the full text item, please consult the publisher's website. en_US
dc.description.abstract In the present study, possible differences in the mineral composition of transgenic versus non-transgenic sorghum grains were investigated using inductively coupled atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES); and, in-tissue elemental mapping by micro Proton-Induced X-ray Emission (micro-PIXE) analysis. ICP AES was used to analyse the bulk mineral content of the wholegrain flour derived from each genotype; whilst micro-PIXE was used to interrogate localised differences in mineral composition specific to certain areas of the grain, such as the bran layer and the central endosperm tissue. According to the results obtained, no significant difference in the average Fe, Zn or Ca content was found to differentiate the transgenic from the wild-type grain using ICP-AES. However, using micro-PIXE, a significant reduction in zinc could be detected in the bran layer of the transgenic grains relative to wild-type. Although it is difficult to draw firm conclusions, as a result of the small sample size used in this study, micro-PIXE has nonetheless proven itself as a useful technique for highlighting the possibility that there may be reduced levels of zinc accumulation in the bran layer of the transgenic grains. Given that the genetic modification targets proteins that are highly concentrated in certain parts of the bran tissue, it seems plausible that the reduced levels of zinc may be an unintended consequence of the silencing of kafirin proteins. Although no immediate health or nutritional concerns emerge from this preliminary finding, it is noted that zinc plays an important biological role within this part of the grain as a structural stabiliser and antioxidant factor. Further study is therefore needed to assess more definitively the extent of the apparent localised reduction in zinc in the transgenic grains and how this may affect other important grain quality characteristics. en_US
dc.language.iso en en_US
dc.publisher Elsevier en_US
dc.relation.ispartofseries Worklist;20324
dc.subject Sorghum en_US
dc.subject Transgenic en_US
dc.subject Kafirins en_US
dc.subject Micro-PIXE en_US
dc.subject Atomic emission spectroscopy en_US
dc.subject Inductively coupled en_US
dc.title Using ICP and micro-PIXE to investigate possible differences in the mineral composition of genetically modified versus wild-type sorghum grain en_US
dc.type Article en_US
dc.identifier.apacitation Ndimba, R., Cloete, K., Mehlo, L., Kossmann, J., Mtshali, C., & Pineda-Vargas, C. (2017). Using ICP and micro-PIXE to investigate possible differences in the mineral composition of genetically modified versus wild-type sorghum grain. http://hdl.handle.net/10204/10290 en_ZA
dc.identifier.chicagocitation Ndimba, R, K Cloete, Luke Mehlo, J Kossmann, C Mtshali, and C Pineda-Vargas "Using ICP and micro-PIXE to investigate possible differences in the mineral composition of genetically modified versus wild-type sorghum grain." (2017) http://hdl.handle.net/10204/10290 en_ZA
dc.identifier.vancouvercitation Ndimba R, Cloete K, Mehlo L, Kossmann J, Mtshali C, Pineda-Vargas C. Using ICP and micro-PIXE to investigate possible differences in the mineral composition of genetically modified versus wild-type sorghum grain. 2017; http://hdl.handle.net/10204/10290. en_ZA
dc.identifier.ris TY - Article AU - Ndimba, R AU - Cloete, K AU - Mehlo, Luke AU - Kossmann, J AU - Mtshali, C AU - Pineda-Vargas, C AB - In the present study, possible differences in the mineral composition of transgenic versus non-transgenic sorghum grains were investigated using inductively coupled atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES); and, in-tissue elemental mapping by micro Proton-Induced X-ray Emission (micro-PIXE) analysis. ICP AES was used to analyse the bulk mineral content of the wholegrain flour derived from each genotype; whilst micro-PIXE was used to interrogate localised differences in mineral composition specific to certain areas of the grain, such as the bran layer and the central endosperm tissue. According to the results obtained, no significant difference in the average Fe, Zn or Ca content was found to differentiate the transgenic from the wild-type grain using ICP-AES. However, using micro-PIXE, a significant reduction in zinc could be detected in the bran layer of the transgenic grains relative to wild-type. Although it is difficult to draw firm conclusions, as a result of the small sample size used in this study, micro-PIXE has nonetheless proven itself as a useful technique for highlighting the possibility that there may be reduced levels of zinc accumulation in the bran layer of the transgenic grains. Given that the genetic modification targets proteins that are highly concentrated in certain parts of the bran tissue, it seems plausible that the reduced levels of zinc may be an unintended consequence of the silencing of kafirin proteins. Although no immediate health or nutritional concerns emerge from this preliminary finding, it is noted that zinc plays an important biological role within this part of the grain as a structural stabiliser and antioxidant factor. Further study is therefore needed to assess more definitively the extent of the apparent localised reduction in zinc in the transgenic grains and how this may affect other important grain quality characteristics. DA - 2017-08 DB - ResearchSpace DP - CSIR KW - Sorghum KW - Transgenic KW - Kafirins KW - Micro-PIXE KW - Atomic emission spectroscopy KW - Inductively coupled LK - https://researchspace.csir.co.za PY - 2017 SM - 0168-583X T1 - Using ICP and micro-PIXE to investigate possible differences in the mineral composition of genetically modified versus wild-type sorghum grain TI - Using ICP and micro-PIXE to investigate possible differences in the mineral composition of genetically modified versus wild-type sorghum grain UR - http://hdl.handle.net/10204/10290 ER - en_ZA


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